2 c,h r;a lr wKqj,
fjs.hg l=ula isoq fjhs o@ tys m%;sM,h l=ula o@
3 mssrsisoq c, Ndckhl ^wdi%e; c,h & c,
wKqj, pd,l Yla;sh Wmrsu fjhs tfy;a ,qKq o%jKh
r;al< jsg tys ;dmdxlh jevsfjhs
$ c, wKqj, pd,l Yla;sh wvq fjhs 'ta l=ula ksido@
iuia; c, wKq j, pd,l
Yla;sh fhdod .ksuska ld¾hhla isoql< yelsh c,jsNj;dj f,i y|qkajkafka th ueksh yels Odrs;djls
4 c,jsNj;dj jevs w.hla
.kafka ljr o%djKhl o@
5 c, wKq idkao%kh jevss ia:dkhl yd c, wKq
idkao%kh wvq ia:dkh kus lrkak
c,
wKq idkao%kh jevss ia:dkhl -----
6 i;aj ffi,hla wdi%e;
c,hg fhoQ jsg c, wKq idkao%kh jevss
ia:dkh yd c, wKq idkao%kh wvq ia:dkh kus lrkak
c, wKq
idkao%kh jevss ia:dkh -----
c, wKq
idkao%kh wvq ia:dkh -----
7 i;aj ffi,hla c,hg fhoQ
jsg c, .uk isoqjkafka ljr osYdjg o@ wjidkfha l=ula isoqfjhs o@
8 wdka;r mdr.uH mg,hla
yryd isoqjk c,h .uka lsrsu y|qkajk ku ,shkak
9 wdka;r mdr.uH
mg,hla fjkqjg ffi, ns;a;shla mej;=ks kus
th yryd isoqjk c,h .uka lsrsu y|qkajk ku ,shkak
10 c, jsNjh jevs ia:dkhl
isg c, jsNjh wvq ia:dkhla olajd c,h .uka lsrSu iEu jsgu isoqfjhs kus pd,l
Yla;sh fjkia l< yels$ c, jsNj;dj fjkia l< yels l%u my; ksrslaIk w;frka
f;darkak WIaK;ajh fjkia lsrSu u.ska $ mSvkh u.ska $ idkao%Kh fjkia lsrSu $c,ldus
o%jH mej;Su
1 r;a
lrk jsg c,h jdIamslrKh jevsjSu
11 tkak;a lsrsfuaoS isrskac Ndjs; lrhs
111 jsh
1 v jsh
iSks o%djKh 0.2M 0.1M wdi%e; c,h
c, jsNjh
lsf,da meial,a -540 -260 0
11 Wmrsu c, jsNj w.h
ψ / psi we;af;a l=ul o@tys w.h lSh o@
12 o%djH m%udKh jevsjk
jsg l=ula isoqfjhso@
13 0.2M o%djKfha idkao%Kh fya;= fldg f.k c,jsNjh fldmuK m%udKhlska
wvqjs ;sfns o@
14 o%djKhl idkao%Kh fya;= fldg f.k c,jsNj fjkiajk m%udKh o%djH jsNjh kus fjhs 0.1M
o%djKfha tu w.h lsho@
15 isrskachlg wdi%e; c,h
fhdod msiagkh ;o l
16 c,lduS o%jH f,i
.efkkafka ta.d¾ fm%dagsk jeks o%jHhkah ksmdkh f,i ye|skafjkafka tjeks ixfhda.
u.ska isoqlrk c,h wOsfYdaIkh jSu ksid c, jsNjhg l=ula fjhs o@
17 .=re;ajh fyda msvkh ksid c,h p,kh
jsu ialkaO m%jdyh kus fjhs tjeks wjia:djlg WodyrK ,shkak wxl 10 wjia:do Ndjs;
l< yelsh
ffi,hl c, jsNjh
1 Ydl
ffi,hl ffi, ma,diaufha wka;¾.;h ,shkak
2 Ydl ffi,hl c,fha o%djH
M, we;af;a fld;ek o@jevs wjldYhla mqrd me;srS we;af;a ljr bkaos%ldjla o@
3 wkajSlaIfhka iEu Ydl ffi,hl rsla;lh ksrslaIKh l< yelso@
tjekas ffi,hl rsla;lfha wka;¾.; jsh hq;af;a fudkjdo@
4ffi,hl m%d:usl ns;a;sh ljr .=Kdx. fmkajhs o@
5 ffi,h ;=, c, jsyjh wvq
jSug fya;=jk isoaOska fudkjd o@
6 wdi%e; c,hg fujeks
ffi,hla fhoQ jsg c, jsNj fjkig wkqj idfmalaIj c, wKq p,kh jsu l=uk osYdjlg isoq
jsh yels o@
7 wdka;r mdr.uH mg,hla
yryd isoqlrk fuu ls%hdj,sh y|qkajk ku ,shkak
8 ffi,hl we;s tjeks wdka;r mdr.uH mg, fudkjd
o@ tys ,laIK ,shkak
9 lfvd,dk mrsirhl we;s c,hg fujeks ffi,hla oeuQ jsg wdi%e;sh ksid c,h
we;=¿ ljr osYdjlg o@
10 tjeks mrsirhl jefvk
Ydl j,g c,h we;=¿ jkafka l=ula yryd o@
11 wjfYdaIKh lrk c,
m%udKh ;SrKh jkafka l=ula u; o@
12 uQ, flaY ffi, ;=, c, jsNjh yd mdxY= c,fha c, jsNjh w;r mj;sk c, jsNj fjki jevsjk jsg l=ula
isoqfjhs o@
13 lfvd,dk mrsirhl we;s
Ydl fus i|yd ljr wkqj¾;k fmkajhs o@
c, jsNj fjki jevs lr f.k
we;
14 rsla;lh ;=,g c,h we;=¿ jk jsg ffi,fha uq,skau
we;sjk fjkia jSu l=ula o@
15 hqI rsla;lfha o%djH jsNjhg l=ula isoq fjhs o@
16 ffi,fha mrsudj jevsjk
jsg ffi, ns;a;sh u; iam¾Y jkafka l=ula o@
17 tysoS ffi, ns;a;sh u; ma,diau mg,fhka we;slrk
msvkh y|qkajk ku l=ula o@
18 tjsg ffi, ns;a;sfhka we;s lrk m%;Hia: n,mEu l=ula o@ tu msvkh y|qkajk ku l=ula o@
19 ffi, ns;a;sfhka we;s
lrk msvkh s ksid c, jsNjhg l=ula isoq
fjhs o@
20 msvkh fya;=fldg f.k
c, jsNjfha we;sjk fjkia jSu y|qkajk ku ,shkak
21 fus wkqj ffi,hla ;=,g c,h we;=¿jSfus yelshdj ψcell w.h ljr
jsNj w.hhka u; r|d mj;S o@
22 hus wjia:djloS ffi,h ;=,g c,h we;=¿jsu
wekysgshs tu wjia:dfjs mj;sk ffi,h y|qkajk ku ,shkak tysoS
,efnk w.h lSho@
23 ψP
yd ψs w;r iusnkaO;dj l=ula o@
24 c, jsNjh jevs o%djKhlg Y+k
ffi,hla fhoQ jsg c, .uk ljr osYdjlg isoq fjhs o@ tu ld¾hdj,sh y|qkajk ku l=ula
o@
25 rsla;lfhka bj;g c,h we;=¿ jk jsg ffi,fha we;sjk fjkia jSu l=ula o@
26 ffi, ns;a;sfhka ma,diau mg,h wE;ajSu wdrusN lrk wjia:dj ljr
kulska y|qkajhs o@
27 tu wjia:dfjs w.h 0 jkafka l=ul o@
28 tysoS ffi,fha c, jsNjh iudk
jkafka l=ulg o@
o%djKhl fu!,sl;dj okakd jsg j.=jla u.ska tys c, jsNjh fidhd .; yelsh’
29 hqI rsla;lfha c, jsNjhg iudk c, jsNjhla iys; o%djKhlg ffi,hla fhoQ
jsg c, mrsudj fjkia fjhs o
30 tjeks o%djK y|qkajk ku ,shkak
31 fuu w.hg jvd iq¿ fyda idkao%K jevs lsrSula o%djKfha we;s l< jsg
l=ula isoqfjhs o@
32 iuyr ffi,j, fuu wjia:dj m%dfhda.slj ksrSlaIKh l< yelsh ta l=ula
ksid o@ WodyrK fokak
33 fujeks mglhla iSks
o%djKhlg oud wkajSlaIhlska mrSlaId l< fyd;a l=ula ksrslaIKh lsrSug yels fjhs
o@
34 thg fya;=j ,shkak
35 frdaysfhda wmsp¾u ffi,hl c,jsNjh fijSfus oS u;=jk
m%dfhda.sl .eg¿j l=ula o@
36 mglfha udOHkH c,jsNj w.h
f,i ,nd .kafka l=ula o@
37 jsjsO fu!,sl;d we;s
iqlafrdaia o%djK idod bka wk;=rej isoq l< hq;af;a l=ula o@
38 jskdvs 20 ld,hla
iu;=,s; jSug ;enSfuka miq l=ula l< hq;= o@
39 jsY+k;d m%;sY;h fidhd
.ekSfuka wk;=rej 50% la jsY+k ;d m%;sY;h fidhd .kafka flfia o@
40 .y, Colocasia fyda ynr, Alocasia
jDka;hla isria w;g jsIalusNh $iuus;sl
wlaIh Tiafia m,d ,efnk 4cm fldgila jd;hg ksrdjrKh lr ;nkak
ljr fjkia jsula Tng
ksrslaIKh l< yels o@
41 W;a;, mdIaGfha ljr
mglhla mj;s o@ wj;, mdIaGfha ljr mglhla mj;s o@
jl%;djhg fya;=j ,shkak
42 wmsp¾u ffi,j, g
idfmalaIj ndysl ffi,j, mrsudj jevsjsu $os. jevsjSu
ffi,j, mrsudj jevsjsu g
ljr isoqjSula fya;= fjhs o@
43 fuu c, .ukh ljr
kulska y|qkajhs o@
44 l=uk m%foaYfha ffi,j,
c,jsNjh wvq fjhs o@ thg fya;=j ,shkak
45 c,h jdIamjSfus
is>%;dj jevs ksid c,h jdIamjSfus is>%;dj wvq wehs@
46 fujeks ynr, ms;s fldgil jl%;dj fjkia fjhs o hkak
fidhd .eksug m%:ufhka l< hq;af;a l=ula o@
47 fojkqj fidhd .;
hq;af;a l=ula o@
48 jl% mDIaGfha uOH
,laIh fidhd .ekSfuka wk;=rej Tn l+ula l< hq;+ fjhs o@
49 lsishus o%djKhl c,
jsNjh ffi,fha c,jsNjhg iudk fjhs kus Tn
l=ula wfmalaId lrkafka o@
50 fujeks mrslaIKhloS
o%djKh f,i l=ula Ndjs; l< yels o@
51 jsjsO fu!,sl;d we;s
o%djK idod bka wk;=rej isoq lrkafka ljrla o@
52 mdGdxl f,i l=ula ,nd
.; hq;= o@
53 ks.uk ,nd .eksug kus
l=ula l< hq;= o@
54 ,efnk f¾Ldj X
wlaIh fPokh lrk ia:dkfha o%djKhg wh;a fu!,sl;dj fijsu yd j.=jla u.ska c, jsNjh
fijSu
55 mglfha c, jsNjhg jvd
jevs c, jsNjh we;s o%djK j,g ynr, ms;s fhoQ jsg ljr fjkila ksrSlaIKh l< yels
o@
56 mglfha c, jsNjhg jvd
wvq c, jsNjh we;s o%djK j,g ynr, ms;s fhoQ jsg ljr fjkila ksrSlaIKh l< yels
o@ ta wehs@
57 c,h bj;a jsu
isoqjkafka s jkafka wehs@
lergs j, wdydr ixps; lrk ,o uqoqka uqf,a mgl fyda
w¾;dm,a wdlkao mgl j, c, jsNjh fijsug
fuu l%uh fhdod .kshs tfy;a ta i|yd fhdod .kakd w¾;dm,a is,skavr $ ;Sre j, ljr
fjkia jsula ta i|yd Ndjs; l< yels o@
58 tu ;sre j, os. jevs
jkafka wehs@
59 ffi, ;=, mj;sk c, jsNj w.h l=ula jsh hq;= o@
60 mglfha c, jsNjhg
iudk c, jsNjh we;s o%djK j,g w¾;dm,a
is,skavr fhoQ jsg ljr fjkila ksrSlaIKh l< yels o@