ksshus; jsIhh tall fldgi lshjSfuka wk;=rej wod, m%Yak j,g ms
Tnf.a msbiologyans.blogspot.com fj; msjsfikak'
fuh Tng iajhx we.hsula jkafkah'
ksrka;rfhka isoq lrk iajhx we.hSu jsNd. j,g id¾:l f,i uqyqK oSug w;aje,la jkq we;'
reOsr mglh
1 ljr m%ia;rfhka iusNjh fjhso@
2 wfkla mgl j,g jvd mQrlfha mj;sk jHqyuh fjki ,shkak
3 wfkla mgl j,g jvd mQrlfha mj;sk lD;Huh fjki ,shkak
4 wfkla mgl j,g jvd mQrlfha mj;sk jHqyuh iudk;djla ,shkak
5 reOsrfha msoqre meyehla .kakd fldgi ljr kulska y|qkajhs o@
6 tys ffi, j¾. lShla mj;S o@ ta fudkjd o@
7 msrsushl=f.a >k us,s usgrhl mj;sk reOsr ffi, ixLHdj wkqj frda.hl iajNdjh ks¾kh l< yelsh oS we;s m%;sY;hg wh;a ffi, j¾.h i|yka lrkak
r;= reOsrdKq $iqoq reOsrdKq $kshqfg%dms, $ bhqisfkdms, $ fnsfidms,$jid ffi,$ fudfkd ffig$ mgsgsld
5.4 ×10 6 ----
4000- 11000 ---
150,000- 400,000 ----
>k us,s usgrhl mj;sk iqoq reOsrdKq ixLHdj m%;sY; wkqj f;darkak
3000- 6000 50-70% --
150-300 1-4% ---
0-100 0-4% ---
1500-4000 20-40% ---
300-600 2-8% ---
8 kHIags rys; f,i yuq jkafka ljrla o@
9 tajd ksmofjk ia:dk ,shkak
10 reOsrfha PH w.h 7.4 ls th ksh;j ;nd .eksug odhl jk ffi, j¾.h ,shkak tu yelshdj mj;skafka ljrla ksid o@ th iEoS we;af;a flfia o@
11 ta ksid ,enS we;s fjk;a yelshdjla ,shkak
12 tu lD;Hh bgq lrk fjk;a ixfhda. csjSka ;=, mj;s o@ tajd fudkjd o@ tys mj;sk whk j¾.h olajkak tu Yajik j¾Kl iys; cSjSkag WodyrK fokak
13 jsIalusNh wvq flaYkd,sld ;=,ska .uka lsrSug yelshdj we;af;a ljrlg o@
14 weuSndldr p,k olajkafka ljrla o@
15 r;=reOsrdKq j, wdhqI ld,h lSho@ th ns|Sfuka miq M, j,g w;ajk brKu l=ula o@
16 kHIagsfha iajNdjh wkqj jsjsO ffi, flfia y|qkd.; yels o@
Lkavsld 3-5 iys; kHIagshla mej;Su --
isyska mgshla u.ska iusnkaO Lkavsld 2la iys; kHIagshla mej;Su --
wiusmQ¾Kj fnoqKq Lkavsld iys; kHIagshla mej;Su --
jDlal yev kHIags mej;Su --
f.da,dldr kHIagsfhka msreKq ffi, --
kHIags rys; ---
17 oS we;s lD;Hhka i|yd .e,fmk ffi, f;darkak $kshqfg%dms, $ bhqisfkdms, $ fnsfidms,$jid ffi,$ fudfkd ffig$ mgsgsld
wd.ka;=l wxY= y|qkd .ekSu -----
NlaI ffi,l;dj oelajSu -----
uereKq ffi, jskdY lsrSu ------
wid;ausl m%;sls%hd i|yd ueosy;a jSu ----
laIqo% cSjSka jskdY lsrSu ------
m%;s foay - m%;sfoay ckl ixlS¾K ns| oeuSu ----
m%;s ysiageuSka ksmojSu -----
m%;sfoay ksmojSu -----
le,aishus whk ixpdhlhla f,i ls%hd lsrSu ----
18 jid ffi, mrsk;sh isoqjkafka ljr ia:dk j, o@
19 noaO l< wjhjhla m%;slafIam jkafka l=uk fya;=jla ksid o@
20 l=vdu ffi, j¾.h l=ula o@
21 lKslduh ffi, ma,diauhla wh;a jkafka ljr ffi, j,g o@
22 reOsr jdyskshla ;=jd, jQ jssg reOsr .e,Su je,elajSu i|yd ffi, wdila; jSu isoqfjh
ai |yd ueosy;a jk ffi, j¾.h ,shkak
23 ma,diaudj ;=, wvx.= ma,diau fm%dagsk fudkjd o@ tajd ksmojk ia:dkh ,shkak
24 wdi%e;s jsOdkh md,kh lrkafka ljrla u.skao@
25 .af,dnshq,ska j, lD;Hh fokak
26 reOsr ma,diaudfjs we;s wls%h tkaihsuhl ku ,shkak
27 th ils%h jSug wjYH jkafka ljr tkaihsuh o@
28 tjsg isoqjk mrsj¾;kh ,shkak ta i|yd wjYH jk ;j;a ix>glhla ,shkak
29 reOsr legsh ;=, we;s ;ka;= iEfokafka l=ula u.sska o@ ta i|yd mej;sh hq;= tkaihsuh ,shkak
30 ffmns%ka iEoSug wjYH fm%dagSkh l=ula o@
31 tla mqoa.,hl=f.a reOsrh ;j;a mqoa.,hl=g we;=¿ lsrSu .eg¿ldrS jk wjia:d mj;S
tu .eg¿j l=ula o@
32 th udrdka;sl jkafka wehs@
33 fuu ls%hdj, hi|yd fya;= jkafka r;= reOsrdKq j, ma,diau mg,fha we;s fm%dagSkhls
th l=ula o@
34 fkd.e,fmk $wd.ka;=l fm%dagskhla reOsrh l=,g we;=¿jSu ksid we;sjsh ye;s m%;sM,h ,shkak
35 tys m%;sM,h l=ula o@
36 reOsr ma,diaudfjs we;s tjeks fm%dagskhla ,shkak
reOsrh Yaf,aIKh jSfus oS odhl r;= reOsrdKqj u; we;s m%;sfoay cklh u; m%;s.%dyl reOsr ma,diaudfjs we;s m%;sfoay ls%hd;aul fjhs
m%;sfoay cklh we.a,qgsfkdcka A we.a,qgsfkdcka B f,i wdldr 2la we;
37 tus wkqj reOsr .K wdldr 4la y|qkd f.k we; ta fudkjdo@
m%;sfoay o wdldr 2la mj;s we.a,qgskSka b we.a,qgskSka a
38 tla tla reOsr >k ;=, we;s m%;sfoay fudkjd o@
reOsr .K m%;sfoayh
A
B
AB -
O
39 rOsr .K A wvx.= odhlfhla B m%;s.%dylfhl=g ,nd oqkafka kus l=ula isoqfjhs o@
40 reOsr .K AB wvx.= odhlfhla B m%;s.%dylfhl=g ,nd oqkafka kus l=ula isoqfjhs o@
41 reOsr .K B wvx.= odhlfhla AB m%;s.%dylfhl=g ,nd oqkafka kus l=ula isoqfjhs o@
42 TskEu wfhl=g reOsrh odhl l< yelafla ldg o@ ta l=ula ksid o@
42 TskEu wfhl=g reOsrh m%;s.%yKh l< yelafla ldg o@ ta l=ula ksid o@
43 reOsrh Tiafia ldnka vfhdlaihsvs jevs m%udkhla mrsjykh jkafka ljr wdldrhg o@
44 reOsrh Tiafia ldnka vfhdlaihsvs wvq m%udkhla mrsjykh jkafka ljr wdldrhg o@
45 ldfndksla wus,h nhsldnfkag njg m;a jkafka ljr tkaihsu we;s jsgo@ m%;sls%hdu ,shkak
46 iEfok H+ whk ksid isoqjk fjk;a ls%hdjla i|yka lrkak iEfok M,h l=ula o@
47 whkh msg;g .uka lsrSfuoS ta fjkqjg yqjudre jk fjk;a whkhla i|yka lrkak
48 Tlaiscka mrsjykh jk wKqfjs iq;%h ,shkak
49 .¾; flaYkd,sld ;=,oS r;= reOssrdKq ;=,g fmdusm lrkafka fudkjd o@whk iu;=,s;;dj mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd bj;g .uka lrkafka l=ula o@
50 .¾; flaYkd,sld ;=,oS jsfhdackh jk ixfhda. fudkjd o@ ta i|yd wjYH jkafka ljrla o@
a51 nhsldnfkag j,g w;ajk brKu l=ulao@
52 iEfok ldfndksla wus,h mrsjykh jkafka l=ula yryd o@