genetics second Mendel law

10 fukav,a fojk mrSlaIKh h|yd fhdod .;af;a Pea / Pisum sativum Ydlfha ljr mriamr ,laIKho@

11 tys mriamr ,laIK f,i i,lkafka ljrla o@

12 fukav,a jsiska m%uqL ,laIKh fidhd .;af;a flfia o@

13 fukav,a kquqyqus fm< ,nd .;af;a flfia o@

14 hus ,laIKhla i|yd cSjshl= ;=, mj;sk wka;¾.;fha ku ljrla f,i Tyq

y|qqqqkajd oqkafkaa o@

15 kquqyqka fm< cSúfhl=f.a th mj;sk wdldrh l+ula o@

16 ckaudKq idok wjia:dfõoS ckl idOl flfia yeisfrhso@

17 fojk mÍlaIKfha P mrïmrdj úiska idok ,o ckaudKq ,shd olajkak'

18 fuu ckaudKq ixfiapkfhka iEfok F₁ cSúfhl=f.a m%fõKs o¾Yh ,shkak'

19 F₁ cSúhdf.a ckaudKq wdldr lShla idohs o@

ckaudKq wdldr ,shkak'

20 F₂ mrïmrdfõ cSùkaf.a m%fõKs o¾Y yd tys m%fõKs o¾Y wkqmd;h ,shkak'

Unit 2 plant tissue

1 fuys we;s ir, ia:sr mgl fudkjd o@

2 tAjd y|qkd .kafka flfia o@

3 A j,ska y|qkajd we;s mglh l=ula o@

4 tu mglh oel.; yels ia:dk ,shkak'

5 tys ffi,ns;a;sh ;=, wka;¾.;h l=ula o@

6 iuyr ffi, r;= meyefhka j¾K.ekajS we;af;a wehs@

7 tu ffi,ns;a;s ;=, wka;¾.;h l=ula o@

8 tjeks ffi, i|yd WodyrK fokak'

9 tu ffi, u.ska bgq lrk fmdoq lD;Hhla i|yka lrkak'

10 wka;¾ ffi,Sh wjldY we;af;a ljr ia:dkhl o@

11 Ydlhg wka;¾ ffi,Sh wjldY jeo.;a jkafka wehs@

12 ixps; ld¾hh bgqlrkafka ljrlska o@

13 fuys we;s ixls¾K ia:sr mgl fudkjd o@

14 l=vdu ffi, jevs m%udKhla ork ixls¾K ia:sr mgl kus lrkak'

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

respiration 1

1 Yajik mDIaGhla ;=, isÿjk ld¾hh l=ulao@

2 tysoS yqjudre jk m%Odk jdhq fudkjdo@l=uk udOH j, tajd ødjHfõo@

3 mDIaG mßud wkqmd;h jeäkï ljr jdhq yqjudre l%uhla n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafkao@

4 iuyr Yajik mDIaG l=vd újrhla Tiafia ndysr jdhqf.da,h iuÕ iïnkaO fõ  tys Yajik mDIaG   kïlrkak'

5    ta i|yd WodyrK fokak'

6 udkj Yajik moaO;sfha fldgia bosßm;a lrkak'

7 Yajikfha mshjr 2 la ,shkak'

8 wdYajdi jd;h fuu moaO;sh yryd  .,d hdfïoS isÿjk fjkiaùï fudkjdo@  ta i|yd mj;sk yev.eiSus ,shkak'

9 fgdkais, oel.; yels ia:dk ,shkak'

10 tys ld¾hh l=ulao@

11 Ëqøcsùka  we;=¿ùu   je,elajsug mj;sk fjk;a l%uhla ,shkak

12 fuu ls%hdj ksfIAOk jk wjia:djla i|yka lrkak'

13 thska we;sjk m%;sM, l=ulao@

14 iajrd,h udhsï jk ldáf,ac kï lrkak'

     mq¾j -

     wmr -

     wOr-

     we;=<; -

15 Yíoh ksmoùug odhl jkafka l=ulao@

16 tjekakla we;sjkafka l=ula ksido@

17 tjeks ixLd;h wvq jkafka ljr .=Kdx.h u;o@

18 Yajdi kd,fha olakg ,efnk ldgsf,ac j¾.h l=ula o@ tys yevh l=ula o@

19 tu  ldgsf,ac mej;Sfuka w;ajk jdish l=ula o@

20 jus yd ol=Kq Yajdikd,sld w;r fjki l=ula o@

21 tu fjkig fya;=j l=ula o@

fmky¿ LKavsld j,g fnoS we; jus yd ol=Kq fmky¿ fnoS we;s LKavsld .Kk lsh o@

22 ldgsf,ac wysus jkafka ljrl o@

23 .¾; fj;g jd;h .uka lrkafka ljr uq,O¾uhg wkqj o@

24 .¾; ;=, isoqjk jdhq yqjudre  m%udKh ;SrKh jkafka l=uk idOlh u.ska o@

25 tu w.h wdikak jYfhka lShla jkq we;a o@

26 fmky,q yd jdhqf.da,h w;r mSvk fjki we;sjkafka wehs@

27 Wria l=yrfha mrsudj jevsjSu ljr osYd Tiafia isoqfjhs o@

28 tu osYd Tiafia p,k we;s lrkafka ljr fmaYs ixfldapkh  u.ska o@  

29 ta i|yd iakdhq wdfjs. imhkafka ljr ia:dkhlska o@

30 wdYajdih ksfYaOkh jkafka ljr wjia:dfjSoS o@

31 wdYajdihg  W;af;achla jkafka ljr ridhksl idOlo@ 

 

32 th wdrusN jk ia:dkh ,shkak'

33 tla tla ia:dkfha  isg wdfjs. f.k hkafka ljr iakdhq u.ska o@

34 tu wdfjs.h ,Õd jkafka ljr m%foaYhg o@

35 tjsg isoqjkafka l=ula o@

36  Yajik rsoauh md,kh lrkafka ljrlska o@

37 tys wka;¾.; m%foaY 2 yd thska md,kh jk ls%hd fmkajd fokak

38 fmkye,s wjYH m%udKhg jvd jd;fhka msreKq jsg W;af;ackh  jkafka ljrla o@

tajd mj;sl ia:dkh ,shkak

           

39 ta  mss hjhs o@ tjsg we;sjk m%;sM,h ,shkak

40  ta i|yd n,mdkafka Yajik moaO;sfha ljr fldgiaj, ls%hdldrs;ajhka o@

41  wdYajdihloS tla tla fldgfia isoqjk fjkiajSus ,shkak'

     Wfrdaiaa:sh                           

     m¾Y=                            

     wka;¾ m¾Y=l fmaYs            

     uydm%dpSr fmaYsh               

    ffoy ma,Qrd dmg,h          

    ma,Qrd ;r,h                 

    wdYh ma,Qrd dmg,h        

    fmky,q mrsudj             

   42   m%ldYhg .e,fmk jpkh bosrsfhka ,shkak

     fuysoS ksfrda.s jevsysgs mqoa.,hl= ms

    w  w;sfral m%Yajdi mrsudj $ wd WQous mrsudj  $ we  fYaI Odrs;dj  $ b  w;sfral wdYajdi  mrsudj$

 idudkH wdYajdihloS we;=,q lr .kakd  fyda msglrk jdhq mrsudj

    ^ w &aamj;sk wjia:djg  wu;rj oS¾> wdYajdihloS we;=,q lr .kakd  wu;r jdhq mrsudj

    ^ w &amj;sk wjia:djg  wu;rj oS¾> m%YajdihloS msg lrk wu;r jdhq mrsudj 

 oS¾> m%Yajdihlg miqj fmky,q ;=, b;srsjk jdhq mrsudj

43  by; tla tla wjia:djg .e,fmk jdhq mrsudjka f.a w.h o< jYfhka ,shd  olajkak

             

44Yajik pl%h hkak w¾: olajkak

45 jevsysgs  mqoa.,hl=f.a usks;a;=jlg we;sjk Yajik pl% .Kk lSh o@  

Unit 2 protein

1  fm%dagSk wvx.+  uQ, o%jH fudkjd o@  
 
2  fm%dagSkj, ;ekqus tAll fudkjd o@
 
3  fm%dagSk c,jsÊfÊokh i|yd wjYH tkaihsuh l=ulao @
 
4 fm%dagSk iEoSug iyyd.sjk weuhsfkd wus, lShla ;sfns o@
 
5  weuhsfkd wus,hla ;=, mj;sk  w;HjYH  ldKav fudkjdo@     
 
6  weuhsfkda wus, wKq w;r iEfok nkaOk l=uk kulska ye|skafjso @  
 
7   ljr ldKav w;r tu nkaOk iEfohs o@   

8   keuqus j,g fya;= jkafka ljr isoqjSula o@ 

9  odu ieliqu wkqj fm%dagSk j¾. lrhs tajd kus lrkak

 
10  odu w;r yria nkaOk iEfokafka ljr  by; ljr fm%dagSkj, o@

11  tjeks fm%dagSk i|yd WodyrK fokak

 

12  my; tla tla lD;Hh i|yd odhljk  fm%dagSk  fudkjd o@

13 fm%dagSk wiajdNdjSlrKh jkafka l=ula ksido@

   

  

Unit 9 lower leg

wOr .d;%h flkav yd m;a,


1 wOr .d;%fha fldgia fudkjdo@

  
2 ñksia isref¾ os.u wiaÓh l=ulao@

  
3 tla tla fldgia j, msysàu i|yka lrkak

  
4 flkav idok wiaÓ hq., fudkjdo@

  
5 jvd Yla;su;a wiaÓh l=ulao@

6 j,¨lr idok wiaÓ lSho@

  
7 weúoSfïoS m%:ufhka fmd

  
8 m;af,aa mj;sk jl%;d fudkjdo@

  
9 jl%;d  j, lD;Hh fudkjdo@

10 fmd

11 fY%daKsfïL,dj  iEoS we;af;a ljr wiaÓ fol uÕskao@

12 Wl=,a wegh iEoS we;af;a ljr wiaÓ 3 uÕskao@

13 jdäù  isàfïoS mDIaGhg nr iïfma%IKh lrkafka ljr wiaÓfhkao@

14 nr ord isàfïoS ljr fjkiaùï isÿù we;ao@

15 fY%daKssðøfha udhsï ù we;s wiaÓ ljf¾o@

16 .eyeKq yd msßñ nj fY%daKsfïL,dfõ olakg ,efnk fjkialï fudkjdo@

msßñ                     .eyeKq

  

uydka;r fY%daKsh

fY%daKs we;=¨uÕ

fY%daKs msguÕ

fY%daKs jl%h

hqksldiaÓfhda.h

fY%daKsfldagrlh

Unit 2 cell membrane

1'uOH iqqia;rfha ixhq;sh l=ula o@
 
2'ffi, ns;a;sh u; wvx.= jsh yels ixfhda. fudkjd o@

3'm%d:usl ns;a;sh u; muKla wka;¾.; jkafka l=ula o@
 
4'm%d:usl ns;a;sh u; nyq,j   wka;¾.; jkafka l=ula o@ 

5'm%d:usl ns;a;sh ieliS we;af;a flfia o@ 

6'm%d:usl ns;a;sh mj;sk .=K fudkjd o@ 

7'ma,diau mg,h  u; wvx.= jk ixfhda. fudkjd o@ 

8' ;r,uh .=K fmkajkafka ljrla o@ 

9'jsps;%j;a nj ,nd fokafka ljrlao@ 

10' whk mrsjykh lrkafka l=ula u.ska o@ 

11'jsirKh isoqjkafka l=uk l%ufhaoSo @             

Unit 11 genetics 4

1'mS Ydlfha u,aj, j¾Kfha wdldr 2 la we;' oïu,a yd iqÿu,a oïu,a we;sùug c yd p m%uqL we,S, mej;sh hq;=h my; oelafjk m%fõKso¾Y ljr mqIam j¾K orhso@

2 l=l=ii cdkh wjYHh' iqÿ l=l=CCII

oqUqre l=l=CCii ,ndfohs kï ÿUqre j¾Kh we;sùug wjYH fjk;a we,s, i|yka lrkak'

3' cdk hq.,a 2 la iyfhda.Sj mej;Su ksid we;sjk fuu ,laIKh ljr kulska y÷kajhso@

4'm<;=re ueiaidg ,sx. j¾Kfoay lShla mj;shso@ ta fudkjdo@ folls’

5'fudjqkaf.a ljr cdk fuu j¾Kfoay u; msysghso@

6'w,sx. j¾Kfoay u; msysgk m%;snoaO ,laIK hq.,hla i|yka lrkak'

7'ñksidf.a ,sx. m%;snoaO ,laIK y÷kdf.k we;af;a ljr

,laIKo@

8'tys ks,Sk cdk mej;Su ksid we;sjk frda. iy tys ,laIK ,shkak'

 

 

 

Unit 9 fore leg 2

W;a;r .d;%h hgs ndyqj




1'wkajrdia:sfha tla tla ikaOdk mDIaG ,shkak'

2'wrdia:sfha tla tla ikaOdk mDIaG ,shkak'

3'ueKsla lgqj idok wia:s fudkjd o@

4'w;a, idok wia:s fudkjd o@

5'W;a;r .d;%fha m<uq we.s,a, ms,su,a nj f,i i,lkafka ljr ,laIKhlao@

6'W;a;r .d;%fha ms,su,a njg fya;= jkafka ljr wia:sfha jHqyh o@

7'th ñksidg ljr yelshdjka ,ndfohso@

8'wkajrdiaÓfha wp,j ;sìhoS wrdia:sfha úÿr fldgi uOH foig isÿlrk p,kh l=ulao@

9'kej; w;a, Wvq w;g yerùfïoS isÿlrk p,kh l=ulao@

10'W;a;r .d;%h yev.eiS we;sfka ljrla i|ydo@

11'm,uq weÕs,a, wfkla weÕs,a, fyda wfkla weÕs,s 4 iuÕ we;slrk p,kh l=ulao@

 

11 Genatics 3

1'iajdëk ixrpkh fkdjk wjia:d i|yka lrkak'

2'ta i|yd fya;= jk idOl ,shd olajkak'

3'iajdëk ixrpkfha oS j¾Kfoay yeisrsh hq;= wdldrh flfiao@

4'fukav,af.a fojk mrSlaIKfhaoS by; .eg¨j we;sjqfha kï F1 ckaudKq ixLHdfõ ljr fjkila we;sfõhehs n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafkao@

5.F₂ mrïmrdj i|yd th flfia n,mdhso@

6'cdk is;shï .; lsÍfïoS m%;snoaOh jeo.;a jkafka wehs@

7'm%;sixfhdacl m%;sY;h hkq l=ulao@

8'cdk is;shula hkq l=ulao@

9'we,s, 2 w;r ÿr tall 17 kï m%;sixfhdacl m%;sY;h lShlafõo@

10'wfmalaId lrk rEmdKqo¾Y wkqmd;h i|yka lrkak'

11'Mirabilis Ydlfha úIuhq.aulhska frdai meye fõ'iuhq.aulhska r;= fyda iqÿ fõ kï fudjqka ms

12'ncsß l=re,a,kaf.a ks,a"fld<"ly" iqÿ j¾K ork kquqyqka fm< wdldrhkah'

fld< BBYY

ks,a BByy

ly bbYY

iqÿ bbyy

fuu isÿùu fukav,af.a kshuh iuÕ tlÕ fõo@

 13'fuu isÿùu Tn y÷kajk ku l=ulao@

9 Ribs

1 ;%sldia:sh iEoSu i|yd odhl jk lfYareld .Kk lSho@

2 tys wvx.= ikaOdk mDIaG fudkjd o@

3 fY%daKsh iEoSu i|yd ljr odhl;ajhla imhhso@

4 WfrdaiaÓh iuÕ ikaOdkh jk wiaÓ fudkjd o@

5 th ljr wkaoug lD;Huh odhl;ajhla fmkajhso@

6 m¾Y+ ikaOdk mDIaG fudkjd o@

7 usksidg wh;a m¾Y+ .Kk lSho@

8 usksidg wh;a m¾Y+ j¾. yd m¾Y+ ixLHd i|yka lrkak'

9 W;a;r .d;%fha m%foaY 5 kï lrkak'

10 Wv ndyqj idok wiaÓh l=ulao@

11 há ndyqj idok wiaÓ yd msysàu l=ulao@

12 my; i|yka tla tla fldgi msysgSu i|yka lrkak' 

   

     fldgi                             msysgSu

   

     lmamsh

     YS¾Ih

     l=¾mr m%irh 

     l=¾mr ksLd;sh 

     wrSh wgksh  

     ;=kavdldr ksLd;sh 
      wrSh ksLd;sh 

13 tla tla fldgia ikaOdkh jkafka ljrla mDIaGhla iuÕo@

     

       fldgi                          ikaOdk mDIaGh

      

      lmamsh

      l=¾mr ksLd;sh 

      wrSh wgksh 

      ;=kavdldr ksLd;sh 

      wrSh ksLd;sh 

      .af,fkdhsv ksLd;sh 

14 m%.kavdia:sfha tla tla fldgi mj;sk ia:dkh ,shkak'

     

      m%.kavdia:sfha ysi

      uydka;r .egs;a;

      l=vd .egs;a; 

      fv,afgdhsv m%d¾nqoh

      lmamsh 

      YS¾Ih

      l=¾mr ksLd;sh