Annelida

-->

wek,Svd jxYh

fuu csjSka Wojq lr .ksuska wid we;s m%Yak j,g ms

.evjs,d - fkfrhsia - l+ve,a,d

-->

1 Tjqka cSj;a jk mrsir fudkjd o@

2 foay ns;a;sfha wvx.= m%ia;r .Kk lsh o@ 

3 foay ns;a;sfha wvx.= m%ia;rj, msysgSu ,shkak

-->

      msg; --

      uOHj -- 

      we;+,;

4 fuu jxYfha i;=ka y|qkd .; yels ndysr ,laIKhla ,shkak

5 fuu jxYfha i;=ka y|qkd .; yels fjk;a ,laIKhla ,shkak

6 YS¾IKhla we;sjQfha o@ th meyeos,sj y|qkd.; yelafla ldf.a o@

7 mQ¾j f,i mj;sk fud

8 foay ns;a;sfha wmsp¾uhg msg;ska we;af;a l=ula o@

9 foay ns;a;sfha wmsp¾uhg we;=,;ska we;af;a l=ula o@

10 isf,dausl f,i fudjqka y|qkajkafka l=ula ksid o@

11 iusmQ¾K wdydr ud¾.h hkafkka woyia jkafka l=ula o@

12 ixfjsokh i|yd mj;sk jHqy ,shkak

a

13 Tjqka ;=, ljr moaO;s olakg ,efnhs o@

14 nysi%j moaO;sfha lD;Huh tallh l=ula o@ tu.ska ksmojk M, msg;g ksoyia lrkafka flfia o@

15 reOsr moaO;sh wvx.= fldgia ,shkak

-->

16 Yajik moaO;shla f,i y|qkd .; yelafla ljr jHqyhla o@

17 jdhq yqjudrej i|yd fhdod .kakd fjk;a mDIaG fudkjd o@

18 ikaOdrK ld¾hh bgq lrkafka l=ula u.ska o@

19 tys wka;¾.;h l=ula o@ th ks¾udKh jkafka flfiao@

20 th ixprKh i|yd odhl jkafka flfia o@

21 s tal ,sx.sl yd oajs,sx.sl i;ajhska ljqreka o@

      oajs,sx.sl ----

s      tal ,sx.sl ---

22 fudjqka f.ka c,fhaoS ndysr ixfiapkfhka isoq lrkafka ljqrekao@

23 thska nsysjk lSghd ljqreka o@

24 fN!usl mrsirfha isgsk csjSkaf.a ixfiapkh isoqjkafka ljrla ;+, o@

25 th ks¾udKh jkafka l=ulska o@

26 mrfmdaIs;hska jsiska fmkajk jsfYaI ,laIK i|yka lrkak

 

9 Vertibra 1

1  iels,af,a ld¾hhka fudkjd o@
2  lfYareldfjs wvx.= lfYareld .Kk lSho@
3  tys ld¾hh l=ulao@
4  lfYarefjs m%foaY i|yka lrkak'
5  lfYarefjs jl%;d fudkjdo@
6  tajd ks¾udKh jkafka ljr wjia:dj,oS o@
7  lfYarefjs  tla tla m%foaYj, lfYareld .Kk i|yka lrkak'
8 fus w;frka o¾YSh lfYareldjla f,i i,lkafka l=ula o@
9 lgS lfYareldjl  mj;sk tla tla fldgfia lD;Hh ,shkak'    iakdhq ud¾. LkaGlh
W;a;r  ikaOdk mDIaG 
wOr  ikaOdk mDIaG
;s¾hla m%ir
iakdhq ud¾. jl%h 
lfYareld foayh
10'my; i|ykaa ,laIK ksrEmkh lrk lfYareld bosrsfhka olajkak'
flgs ;S¾hla m%ir
fmdfrda ;, yev iakdhq ud¾. LkaGlh 
lsKssis  yev iakdhq ud¾. LkaGlh 
fonqka iakdhq ud¾. LkaGlh
m¾Y= i|yd mDIaG
W;a;r ikaOdk mDIaG by<g fhduq jSu
W;a;r ikaOdk mDIaG uOH foig fhduq jSu
wOr ikaOdk mDIaG md¾Yajsl foig fhduq jSu  


   

Human skull

1 ñksia iels,af,a m%Odk fldgia fol i|yka lrkak'

2 my; oelafjk tajd we;=<;a jkafka ljr fldgigo@

ysia ln, 

lfYarej 
m¾Y= 

.d;%d 

fusL,d 
Wr ;,h 

3 ysia lnf,a m%Odk ld¾hhka ,shkak

4' ysia lnf,a meyeos,sj yoqkd.; yels m%foaY fol kus lrkak

%

5' tla tla fldgfia wia:s lShla ne.ska ;sfns o@

6' lmd,h idok tla tla wia:sfha msysgSu ,shkak

7 hq. jl%h iEoS we;af;a flfiao@

8 hgsykqj iusnkaO jkafka ysia lnf,a l=uk ia:dkhg o@

9 hgsykqj olajk p,k fudkjd o@

isria p,k –---- 

;sria p,k ---S

ysia lnf,a nyq,j m%ir olakg ,efnkafka ljr fldgfia o@

10 ' my; ioyka m%ir j, lD;Hh ,shkak

uydPso%h ----- 

lS,dN m%irh ---
pqpqldldr m%irh ---- 

hq. jl%h ----- 
;=Kavdldr m%irh ---- 

11 oajs;Shl ;,a, iEoS we;af;a ljr wia:s j,ska o@ tys ld¾hh ,shkak

12 ' rkao% f,i yoqkajkafka l=ula o@ m%Odk rkao% ioyka lrkak'tajd jeiS hdug fldmuK l,la .; fjhs o@

13 ' fldagrl hkq fudkjd o@ tajd olakg ,efnk wia:s j, ku ,shkak

14 ' fldagrl j, ld¾hh ,shkak

15' iSjks f,i yoqkajkafka l=ula o@ tys jeo.;alu ,shkak

s'

Mollusca 2

fud,qiald  jxYh 

fuu csjSka Wojq lr .ksuska wid we;s m%Yak j,g ms

ugsgshd  -– ldjdgshd–- f.d¿fn,a,d  -  yusfn,a,d   - oe,a,d - –nQj,a,d  - wgmsh,a,d

1 iuus;sh l=ulao@

2 wiuus;sl i;=ka we;s jkafka wehs@

3 Tjqka cSj;a jk mrsir fudkjd o@   usrsosh$ mi $ lrosh $

ugsgshd  -– ldjdgshd     

oe,a,d -   –nQj,a,d - wgmsh,a,d  

f.d¿fn,a,d  - – yusfn,a,d 

4 foay ns;a;sfha wvx.= m%ia;r .Kk lsh o@

5 foay ns;a;sfha wvx.= m%ia;rj, msysgSu  ,shkak

6 fuu jxYfha i;=ka y|qkd .; yels ndysr ,laIKhkaa ,shkak

7 fuu jxYfha i;=ka y|qkd .; yels fjk;a ,laIKhla ,shkak

8 YS¾IKhla we;sjQfha o@

9 iuyr i;=kaf.a YS¾Ikh  meyeos,s ke;  i|yd WodyrK fokak

10 iakdhq moaO;sh ljr fldgia j,ska iukajs; fjhs o@

s

11 foay ns;a;sfha wmsp¾uhg msg;ska we;af;a l=ula o@

12 ikaOdrK ld¾hh bgq lrk  fjk;a jHqyhla ,shkak WodyrK fokak

13 M,l 8 lska iukajs; ljp orkafka ljq o@

14 reOsr ixirK moaO;sh jssjD; o@ ixjD; o@

15 isf,dauh reOsr fynla  f,i y|qkajkafka l=ula ksid o@

16 wdydr ud¾.h iusmQ¾K@ wiusmQ¾K o@

17 ixfjsokh i|yd mj;sk jHqy ,shkak

18 weia iys;  .%dysld we;af;a ldgo@

19 .%dysld hq.,a 2 la we;af;a ldgo@

20 uqLh jgd msysgk .%dysld wdydr fmrd .ekSu i|yd Ndjs;hg .kq ,nkafka ljqreka o@

21 ldp iys; oshqKq weia orkafka ljr i;=ka o@

22 Tjqka ;=, ljr moaO;s olakg ,efnhs o@

23 nysi%j  moaO;sfha lD;Huh tallh  l=ula o@

24 Yajik moaO;shla f,i y|qkd .; yelafla ljr jHqyhla o@WodyrK fokak

25 m%djrKh hkq l=ula o@

26 m%djrKh l=ula i|yd yev.eiS ;sfns o@ WodyrK fokak

27 ixprKh i|yd odhl jk jHqy fudkjd o@ WodyrK iys;j fokak

28 fcgs hdka;%Kh i|yd odhl jkafka l=ula o@ th Ndjs;hg .kakd i;=ka ljqrekao@

29 fmaYsuh mdoh .=,a yErsug yev.eis  we;af;a ljr i;ajhskaf.ao@ tys mj;sk yev.eiSu ,shkak

30 tla tla i;ajhska ljr j¾.hlg wh;a fjhs o@

 ugsgshd  -– ldjdgshd         ----     

f.d¿fn,a,d  - – yusfn,a,d ----   

-   –nQj,a,d                    ----- 

 wgmsh,a,d                   ------

Dentalium                              -----   

31 f¾;s%ldjla  ork i;=ka wka;¾.; fkd jkafka ljr i;aj j¾.fha o@

  

32 ta   yd iusnkaO  lD;Huh ,laIKhla fokak

33 ,sx.sl m%ckkfha oS ixfiapkh wNHka;r o@ ndysr o@

34 ndysr ixfiapkfhka  nsysjkafkaa ljqreka o@ Tjqka mlaIu orhs o@

Cell Respiration

iajdhq Yajikh

1 iajdhq Yajikh hkq l=ula o@

2 tys m%Odk mshjr 3 ,shkak

3 tla tla ls%hdj,s isoqjk ia:dkh ,shkak

4 nyq, f,i Ndjs; jk Yajik Wmia;rh ,shkak

5 .a,hsfld,sish ;=, ATP jeh jkafka ljr mrsj¾;kh  i|yd o@

6 .a,hsfld,sish ;=, m ldnka 3la iys;  wKqj l=ula o@   

7  tu ixfhda.h vhsfmdiafmd .a,sirsla wus,h njg m;ajk jsg isoqjk jeo.;a  ls%hd 2 ,shkak

8 vhsfmdiafmd .a,sirsla wus,h   njg m;ajk jsg ljr mrsj¾;khla  isoqfjhso@

9 .a,hsfld,sisfha wjidk M,h ,shkak tjeks wKq lShla ,efnhs o@

10 .a,hsfld,sisfha wjidkfha  M,hka f,i b;srs jk  ixfhda.  ,shkak tjeks wKq lShla ,efnhs o@

11 .a,hsfld,sisfha oS jehjk  ixfhda.  ,shkak

12 .a,hsfld,sish iuslrKhla u.ska fmkajkak

13 fuu ls%hdj,sh isoqjk ia:dkh ,shkak

14 mhsrefjsg wKqfjs brKu l=ula jsh yels o@

 ,elagsla wus,h iEoSfus oS jehjkafka l=ula o@ tjeks m%;sls%hd isoqjk ia:dk i|yka lrkak

15 tys wjidk yhsv%cka m%;s.%dylhd ljq o@

16 uOHidr meiSu isoqjk jsg iEfok w;rueos wKqj ,shkak

17 tys wjidk yhsv%cka m%;s.%dylhd ljq o@

18  th ;SrKh jkafka ljrla u; o@

19 uhsgfldkavs%hd ;=,g we;=¿jSug fmr mhsrefjsg wKqfjs ljr fjkila we;sfjhs o@ iEfok M,h ,shkak

20  uhsgfldkavs%hd ;=,g mrsjykh jSfuka wk;=rej  weisghs,a iy tkaihsu A .%yKh lrkafka ljr wKqjlska o@  iEfok M,h ,sykak

21  weisghs,a iy tkaihsu A njg m;ajSfus oS isoqjk ;j;a fjkila ,shkak

22 weisghs,a iy tkaihsu A brKu l=ula o@

23 uhsgfkdkavs%hdfjs wNHka;r mg,fha jsfYaI ,laIK ,shkak

24 wka;( ushr wjldY mj;skafka l=ula o@

25 we;=,; mg,h u; ljr ls%hd isoqfjhs o@

26 mQrlh ;=,  ljr ls%hd isoqfjhs o@

27 ATP ase  tkaihsuh we;af;a ljrla ;=, o tys lD;Hh ,shkak

28 fl%ns pl%h ;=, oS iEfok M, fudkjd o@

29 kej; mqk¾ckkh jk wKqj l=ula o@

30 bf,lafg%dak mrsjyk moaO;sh we;af;a ljr ia:dkhl o@

31 fl%ns pl%%hg  we;=¿jk wKqj u.ska ksmojk H mrudKq fojkqj m%;s.%ykh lrkafka ljr wKqjla u.skao@

32   H mrudKq 2 la bf,lafg%dak mrsjyk moaO;sh Tiafia .uka lrkjsg  ATP wKq lshla iEfohs o@

33 wjidk yhsv%cka m%;s.%dylhd ljq o@ tysos iEfok M,h ,shkak

Micro Biology 3

21 frda.hla  hkq ldhsl oqn,;djhls ai |yd  fya;= jkafka ljr laIqo% cSjSkaf.a n,mEus o@

22 Tjqka usksid ;=,g m%fjsYkh jk ud¾. fudkjd o@

23 Odrlhd f,i y|qkajkafka ljqreka o@

30 mrfmdaIs;hl= f,i y|qkajkafka ljqreka o@

  

31 Odrlhl= ;=,g  mrfmdaIs;hka we;=¿ jSu je

 32 tajd we;=,;a jkafka   ljrla ;=, o@

  

33 m%;s laIqo% cSjs o%jH  u.ska we;s lrk n,mEu i|yka lrkak

34 ifus  mj;sk tjeks wdrlaIdldrs hka;%K fudkjd o@

35 iu u;=msgg .,d tk i%dj fudkjd o@ tys we;s wdrlaIdldrs o%jH fudkjd o@

36 laIqo% cSjska  Yaf,aIau, j, r|jd .ekSu yd ta iu. neyer lsrsu isoq lrkafka ljr ia:dkhl o@

bj;a lsrsu isoq lrkafka ljrla u.ska o@

 37 ifus ;=jd,jQ ia:dkhl m%odyh  $bosuqu we;sjkafka  wehs@ thg fya;=j l=ula o@

38 tys we;sjk ;j;a fjkia jsula ,shkak

39 fuu ls%hdj,sh y|qkajk ku l=ula o@

40 tys m%;sM,h l=ula o@

41 reOsr iemhqu jevs lsrsfus wruqK l=ula o@

42 fujeks wdrlaIdldrS hdka;%K  uev mej;ajsug laIqo%cSjSka ;=, mj;sk yev .eiSus fudkjd o@

43 ffcj jsI ljr kulska y|qkajhs o@

44 tys m%Odk wdldr 2 i|yka lrkak

45 fus w;rska ffi, ns;a;s fldgia fukau ;dm ia:dhs jkafka ljrla o@

46 nysIa OQ,l ;dm wia:dhs jkafka wehs@

47 nysIa OQ,l wdldr lShla mj;shs o@ ta fudkjd o@

48 ta  i|yd WodyrK fokak

49 ffcj ridhksl ls%hdldrs;ajhg ;¾ckhla jkafka ljrla i@

50 OQ,l ckl;djh hkq l=ula o@

51 frda.hla we;s lsrSug  laIqo% cSjshl= i;= yelshdj ljr kulska y|qkajhso@

52 laIqo% cSjshl= i;= OQ,l ksmojsfus  yelshdj $m%n,;dj ljr kulska y|qkajhso@

53 laIqo% cSjshl=f.a m%pkav;dj ,kaIK 2la u; r|d mj;shs’ tu ,laIK ,shkak

54 m%pkav;dj by< laIqo% cSjshl=  kus lrkak tysoS isoqjkafka l=ula o@

55 frda.hla hkq l=ula o@

57 frda.hla we;s lsrSug ljr idOl jeo.;a fjhso@

58 frda.h = ud;%dj « m%pkav;dj $ Odrl m%;sfrdaOh   fuu iuSlrKhg wkqj frda.hlska fnsrSug ljr ls%hd ud¾. wkq.ukh l< hq;= o@

59 Odrl m%;sfrdaOh   wvqs jSug fya;=jk lreKq fudkjdo@

60 iuyr frda. je,|qKq miq csjs; ld,h ;=,u tu frda.h kej; we;sjsu fndfyda jsg isoq fkdfjhs

tjeks frda.hla kus lrkak

61 ta l=ula ksid o@

62 tjeks m%;sfrdaOs ;;ajhla ljr kulska y|kajhs o@

63 m%;sfoay idok fm%dagSkh l=ula o@

64 m%;sfoay u.ska we;s lrk m%;sfrdaOh jsYsIaG m%;sfrdaOhla f,i y|qkajkafka wehs@ th y|qkajk ku l=ula o@

65 iajdNdjsl mrsps; wls%h m%;sYla;sh we;sjk wjia:djlg WodyrKhla fokak wls%h hkafkka woyia lrkafka l=ula o@

66 m%;sfoay cklhla f,i y|qkajkafka l=ulao@ WodyrKhla fokak

67 iajdNdjsl s    $ jsYsIaG fkdjk wdrlaIl moaO;s f,i i,lkafka fudkjd o@

68 wlS%h m%;sfoay ckl fyda ffi,Ss h fldgia Yrsrh ;=,g we;=¿ lsrSfuka m%;sfoay iEosu W;af;ac l< yelsh th ljr m%;sYla;slrKhla f,i ie,lsh yels o@

69 ljr frda. j,ska fnsrSu i|yd fuu l%uh fhdod .kshs o@

70 fjk;a cSjshl=f.ka ,nd.;a m%;sfoay $ksus m%;sfoay Ndjs; lrkafka ljr wjia:d j, o@ WodyrKhla fokak

Micro Biology 2 sterilization

                

1 jsoHd.drfha laIqo% cSjSka j.d lsrsug idok fmdaIK udOH ;=, ljrla we;=,;a l< hq;= o@

2 tajd imhkafka ljr o%jH u.skao@

3 f;;ukh r|jd .eksug l=ula Ndjs; fjhs o@

4 mr fmdaIS cSjshl= j.d lrkafka ljrla Ndjs; lr f.ko@

5 jsIu fmdaIS cSjshl= j.d lrkafka ljrla Ndjs; lr f.ko@

8 jsoHd.drfha laIqoQ cSjSka j.d lsrSug fhdod .kafka ljr jSoqre WmlrK o@

9 mrslaIK k, Ndjs;fhaoS fhdod.; hq;= fjk;a o%jHhla i|yka lrkak

10 w¾;dm,a –fvlaiafg%daia udOHh  o%djKh ilia lsrSfusoS wjYH jkafka l=ula o@

11 fmdaIH ta.d¾ udOHh ilia lsrSfusoS wjYH jkafka l=ula o@

12 udOHl f;;ukh r|jd .ekSug odhl jkafka ljrla o@ ta u.ska isoq lrk fjk;a ld¾hhla ,shkak

13 laIqoQ cSjSka j.d lsrSu i|yd udOH fhdod .ekSug fmr jSoqre WmlrK ljr wjYH;d iusmQ¾K jsh hq;= o@

14 fmgs% oSis  $mrslaIK k, cSjdKqyrKh i|yd my; oelafjk ljr l%u fhdod.; hq;= o@

15 r;a jQ  jsh

16 tla tla wjia:d i|yd Ndjs; jk WmlrK j, kus ,shkak

a

17 cSjdKqyrKh i|yd my; oelafjk ljr l%u l=ula i|yd Ndjs; fjhs o@

f;;a ;dmh  -----  

j¾. wÕ,g rd;a;,a 15 l msvkh hgf;a 121⁰C usks;a;= 15 la  msv;dmlhla $ mSvk Woqkla ;=, r;alsrSu

jsh

                      jsjD; oe,af,ka 

fmrsu           -----

meiagrSlrKh  ----

 c,h kegjSu  --- 

18 we¿uskshus f,day m;% cSjdKqyrKh i|yd Ndjs;hg .kakd wjia:d i|yka lrkak

19 meiagrSlrKfhaoS isoq lrkafka l=ula o@

20 tys m%Odk wdldr folla  we; tla tla l%ufhaoS Ndjs;d lrk WIaK;aj w.hhka fudkjd o@

Micro biology 1

laIqo% csjS f,dalh  -1

laIqo% cSjSka i;=  ,laIK  

1 uyd cSjskag idfmalaIj laIqo% cSjSka i;= jeo.;a ,laIK fudkjd o@

2 m%udKfhka l=vd jsu ksid ljr ,laIKhla $,laIK w;alr f.k ;sfns o@

3  mq¿,a N+f.da,Sh jHma;sh i|yd ljr ,laIKhla fya;=fjhs o@

4 mrsjD;a;Sh iS.%;dj wOsl jSug fya;= olajkak

5 os.« m<, «Wi  jk >klhka folla ie,ls,a,g .ksuska  ms

   A >klh    10 cm «10 cm «10cm

   B >klh    1 cm «1 cm «1cm

tla  tla  >klfha    mDIaG j¾. M,h $ mrsud wkqmd;h .Kkh lrkak jevs w.hla fmkakqus lrkafka ljr >klh o@

   

6 Tlaiscka fkdue;s ks¾jdhq mrsir j, mjd cSj;a jSfus yelshdj we;s nelagsrshd fudkjd o@

7 Tlaiscka iys; mrsir j, mjd cSj;a jSfus yelshdj we;s nelagsrshd fudkjd o@

8 j¾Okh wjidkfha isoqjkafka l=ula o@

9 tys jeo.;alu l=ula o@

10 laIqo% cSjSka f.a Yla;s m%Njhka fudkjd o@

11 ldnka m%Nj f,i l=ula Ndjs; lrhs o@

Nitrobacter

Nitrosomonas

Cyanobateria

ous fkdjk i,am¾ nelagsrshd

yrs; nelagSrshd

ous i,am¾ nelagsrshd

12 ldnkavfhdlaihsvs ldnka m%Njh f,i Ndjs; lrkafka ljqreka o@

13 tjeks fjk;a nelagSrshdjla kus lrkak

13 ftkaos%h ldnka m%Njh f,i Ndjs; lrkafka ljqreka o@

14 Yla;s m%Njh f,i wdf,dalh fhdod .kafka ljqreka o@

15 os,sSr yd fm%dgfidjd jeks cSjSka Yla;sh ,nd .kafka ljr o%jH ;=,ska o@

16 wldnksl ixfhda. ;=,ska Yla;sh ,nd .kafka ljqreka o@